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Part 1.1 In-Depth-Analysis--Tafseer-of-Surah-93-Duha-by-Nouman-Ali-Khan
Parallel between Surah Layl &Surah Kahf:
1)
In Surah Layl: Night is described first and then day is being described.
In Surah Dhuhaa: It is a contrast. Day is described first, and then night is being described.
Ad-Dhuhaa : 1
وَالضُّحٰى
By the morning brightness
Adhuha:
-Refers to morning light.
-Light of the sun & early time of the morning.
Ad-Dhuhaa : 2
وَالَّيْلِ إِذَا سَجٰى
And [by] the night when it covers with darkness,
2)
In previous Surah, the addressee primarily was Quraysh. And, now in this Surah, it is messenger of Allah. It is completely different in terms of audience.
3)
In Surah Layl, the conclusion is tied with introduction.
Al-Lail : 21
وَلَسَوْفَ يَرْضٰى
And he is going to be satisfied.
He is in a pursuit of Allah's contentment. That is the goal for them .
In this Surah, we can learn who is the most qualified of all them who is being by pleased by Allah-Messenger of Allah.
Ad-Dhuhaa : 5
وَلَسَوْفَ يُعْطِيكَ رَبُّكَ فَتَرْضٰىٓ
And your Lord is going to give you, and you will be satisfied.
4)
In previous Surah, we have learnt whoever pursuit their lord's contentment, will be pleased.
Now, we will learn -who is truly pursuing the contentment of Allah, -the messenger of Allah.
Surah Layl makes a promise about making ease:
Al-Lail : 7
فَسَنُيَسِّرُهُۥ لِلْيُسْرٰى
We will ease him toward ease.
If you content with Allah, he will make things such as guidance, obedience easy for you.
5)
We have also learnt that Allah swt talks about struggle. Messenger of Allah had to struggle. In previous Surah, easness being mentioned.
While, in this Surah, since things are getting difficult, Messenger of Allah is being promised that things will be getting easier. It is almost like continuation from the previous Surah:
Ad-Dhuhaa : 4
وَلَلْءَاخِرَةُ خَيْرٌ لَّكَ مِنَ الْأُولٰى
And the Hereafter is better for you than the first [life].
It is like giving consolation to messenger of Allah.
6)
In the previous surah , Allah swt talks about the one who gives:
Al-Lail : 18
الَّذِى يُؤْتِى مَالَهُۥ يَتَزَكّٰى
[He] who gives [from] his wealth to purify himself
In previous Surah, human beings were giving to purify themsleves. While in this Surah, Allah swt is giving. It is like Allah swt is saying since you gave the last time, this time Allah swt will give.
Ad-Dhuhaa : 5
وَلَسَوْفَ يُعْطِيكَ رَبُّكَ فَتَرْضٰىٓ
And your Lord is going to give you, and you will be satisfied.
Part 1.2 In-Depth-Analysis--Tafseer-of-Surah-93-Duha-by-Nouman-Ali-Khan
7)
In the previous Surah, we have learnt about confirming the truth. Allah swt has confirmed the most beautiful truth. The Messenger of Allah was seeking the same truth on his whole life , and then Allah swt revealed him the truth.
Ad-Dhuhaa : 7
وَوَجَدَكَ ضَآلًّا فَهَدٰى
َ ضَآلًّا
Dhallan:
-There is translations available such as he found you lost and guided you.
-However, we should be careful when we are talking about Messenger of Allah.
-And, this is not the proper translation.
8)
َ غْنِى & مَالُهُ
Mal(wealth) & Ghina
Ghina:
-The status where one doesn't not need anyone else.
-Allah says about himself as Al-ghaniy, he doesn't not need anybody else.
-In worldy sense, it is someone who is so rich that they do not need any body else. And, they can do everything on their own.
Al-Lail : 11
وَمَا يُغْنِى عَنْهُ مَالُهُۥٓ إِذَا تَرَدّٰىٓ
And what will his wealth avail him when he falls?
-His wealth will not make not make him free of needs.
-He thinks that his wealth will make him free of needs but when he falls on a ditch, it will not be any benefit for him. -This is what we have learnt in the previous Surah.
In this Surah, the positive side where how one can be free of need since wealth doesn't do it.
Ad-Dhuhaa : 7
وَوَجَدَكَ ضَآلًّا فَهَدٰى
And He found you lost and guided [you],
-So, it is not maal(wealth) that will make yourself free of need but it is Allah’s guidance.
-Allah makes someone free of needs.
-He takes care of their needs.
-The pursuit of wealth is contrasted with the one who pursuit Allah.
That's why we can learn in the previous surah,
Al-Lail : 20
إِلَّا ابْتِغَآءَ وَجْهِ رَبِّهِ الْأَعْلٰى
But only seeking the countenance of his Lord, Most High.
Al-Lail : 21
وَلَسَوْفَ يَرْضٰى
And he is going to be satisfied.
The pursuit of his master is opposed to pursuit of wealth.
10)
In Previous Surah,
Al-Lail : 18
الَّذِى يُؤْتِى مَالَهُۥ يَتَزَكّٰى
[He] who gives [from] his wealth to purify himself
So, what are the avenues that you can give to purify yourselves. It is discussed in this Surah,
Ad-Dhuhaa : 9
فَأَمَّا الْيَتِيمَ فَلَا تَقْهَرْ
So as for the orphan, do not oppress [him].
Ad-Dhuhaa : 10
وَأَمَّا السَّآئِلَ فَلَا تَنْهَرْ
And as for the petitioner, do not repel [him].
11)
The ultimate goal to receive blessing of the Surah is
Al-Lail : 20
إِلَّا ابْتِغَآءَ وَجْهِ رَبِّهِ الْأَعْلٰى
But only seeking the countenance of his Lord, Most High.
Al-Lail : 21
وَلَسَوْفَ يَرْضٰى
And he is going to be satisfied.
When, one has received this ultimate blessing, they should be grateful. And, we can learn it in here on how to be grateful.
Ad-Dhuhaa : 11
وَأَمَّا بِنِعْمَةِ رَبِّكَ فَحَدِّثْ
But as for the favor of your Lord, report [it].
Part 1.3 In-Depth-Analysis--Tafseer-of-Surah-93-Duha-by-Nouman-Ali-Khan
12) Interestingly, on the matter of guidance, both surahs(Surah Duha & Surah Lail) mentions about it.
Al-Lail : 12
إِنَّ عَلَيْنَا لَلْهُدٰى
Indeed, [incumbent] upon Us is guidance.
-Guiding, is truly & exclusively that only Allah swt gives.
In this Surah, we will learn that since Allah swt owns it , he choses on how he shows it:
Ad-Dhuhaa : 7
وَوَجَدَكَ ضَآلًّا فَهَدٰى
And He found you lost and guided [you],
13) Interestingly, in terms of being needy:
-In previous Surah, we have learnt that we are the needy ones, and we go to Allah.
-While, in this Surah, we have learnt that needy ones come to us we should not reject them away .
We are learning two types of needy ones.
★The one who is truly in a favour/pleasure of Allah, they will never turn away the needy ones who comes to them.★
Part 1.4 In-Depth-Analysis--Tafseer-of-Surah-93-Duha-by-Nouman-Ali-Khan.
In terms of layout, we have learnt that both the surahs have series of oaths:
For example:
Ad-Dhuhaa : 1
وَالضُّحٰى
By the morning brightness
The purpose of oaths in Surah:
-It is to make us prepare for the lessons that we are going to learn.
-It is to make us reflect more on what is happening around us.
The fundamental theme of this Surah is for us to learn that Allah swt favours Prophet Muhammad SAW by providing him gifts.
-All these Surahs will discuss about this.
-The final Surah which will conclude the favours that Allah swt provided to Prophet Muhammad SAW will be Al-Kauthar.
And, the conclusion of the Surah will be what Prophet Muhammad SAW should do in terms of the gratitude towards Allah. From that, we will learn ln what we should do as well when we want to show gratitude to Allah.
Context:
-The revelation stop coming for few days.
-And, Prophet Muhammad SAW was very saddened about revelation stop coming.
-Adding to his pain , a group of Mushrikoon, one of the scholar says it is the wife of Abu Lahab made a sarcastic comment that "your God has forsaken,abandoned you".
- And, they further commented that "God is displeased with you."
-Some, of the mufasiroon says that it is due to this upsetting comments that this Surah is revealed.
★Part 1.5 In-Depth-Analysis--Tafseer-of-Surah-93-Duha-by-Nouman-Ali-Khan
Prophet Muhammad SAW is delivering this message, and he is concerned with the plight of the humanity.
He has burden(wizr) to carry as he is the last messenger. If, he doesn't deliver the message, not only the Quraysh will be destroyed, but the whole of humanity will be destroyed. It is an enormous amount of pressure on his shoulder.
When, he was delivering the message and the people are not accepting the message, instead of saying that people are not accepting the message, he is constantly thinking that he has not done something right. Almost every time ,he is blaming himself. And, Allah swt has constantly been consoling him that it is not PBUH fault.
However, Quraysh took the opportunity of the revelation not coming for few days/weeks , to mock him by saying "No ayahs, Surah today? He is not happy with you anymore." And, they were making sarcastic remarks of PBUH.
And, for PBUH the words of Quraish did not hurt him. But, the thoughts that Allah swt dislikes him has creeped into his mind. And, he is blaming himself that it is his fault that revelation has stopped coming.
One of the benefits of knowing the oath:
Ad-Dhuhaa : 1
وَالضُّحٰى
By the morning brightness
Adhuha-it is the time of the day there is activity. Whereby, Al-Fajr is early morning, people just starting to wake up. While, Adhua is rush hour, people are bustling with activities. It is full of activity.
Part 1.6 In-Depth-Analysis--Tafseer-of-Surah-93-Duha-by-Nouman-Ali-Khan
Ad-Dhuhaa : 1
وَالضُّحٰى
By the morning brightness
Regarding the word Ad-Dhuhaa,
★It can be either soothing or scorching. At the later part of the day, the heat can be quite intensive. However, in morning, the heat is soothing, wonderful & lively.
★And, Allah swt swears by the soothing light of the morning.
★It is teaching us that there is a parallel drawn between revelation coming upon messenger, saw.
★when the revelation came to messenger saw, it was like a soothing light that is coming, it is full of life.
Some Evidences of Quran:
★People will be gathered at the Aduha time.
Mufasiroon's opinion
★Allah swt swears upon both soothing light & night.
★Psychologically, for humans, both are important to function.
★These two times are opposite , and Allah swt is describing the different emotions that human beings face in their daily life. Life can be easy at sometimes while it can be hard at other times. There can be ease, happiness or challenges, sadness.
And, you will be thinking why can't be life just be happy and full of ease. However, if you reflect upon it, you will understand why:
☆During the night time, the humans & many of the living things get a chance to relax. This is a part of all our lives.
☆From, here we can conclude that going through hard times,it is just like going though the night time.
☆There is some good qualities within us which we could never harass them until we are put in a difficult situations.
For example, if life has always been easy. You will never learn how to acquire Sabr, Patience
Qualities such as Patience,gratitude are within us. However , it will only be manifested from us when we go through difficult times.
Though, night time is considered as deadly, both the times have role to play.
Part 1.7 - In-Depth-Analysis -Surah Ad-Dhuha
Both of these times(day & night) are considered soothing.
-The morning time is relaxing .
-The deeper part of the night, is mostly when people are resting.
The choice of words that Allah swt has used in this surah, we can see that it is soft, loving as it is meant for Prophet Muhammad SAW.
-From, the choice of the words that Allah swt has used in this Surah, we can find the love that Allah has for Prophet Muhammad SAW.
Dhuha(recap):
-It is late morning.
Ad-Dhuhaa : 2
وَالَّيْلِ إِذَا سَجٰى
And [by] the night when it covers with darkness,
سَجٰى
As-Sajah
1) Stillness
-When, Allah swt swears by night( he does that in other parts of Quran as well) ,he uses words that is indicating motion.
-However, Sajah means stillness.
-The context of this Surah is when the revelation has stopped coming.
-Hence, this word alludes to discontinuity.
-It is also used for Maut in order to describe the stillness of Maut as it has not motion.
-It is used in Arabic literature, when the night is completely motionless and the leaves are not even moving.
Part 1.8 -Tafseer Ad-Dhuhaa -Nouman Ali Khan
Ad-Dhuhaa : 1
وَالضُّحٰى
By the morning brightness
Ad-Dhuhaa : 2
وَالَّيْلِ إِذَا سَجٰى
And [by] the night when it covers with darkness,
He is the one who made night for you so that you can find tranquillity in it. And, he made the day easy for us to see so that we can move around & do our daily business.
Mufasiroon comments:
☆The soothing light indicates the revelation. And, the soothing light reflects on how it impacted Prophet Muhammad SAW and how it affected others when he delivers the message.
-The night represents the discontinuation(cutting off revelation).
*And, this world without the light of revelation will be in darkness.*
Why did Allah swt mentions the morning first then mentions night?
-The revelation came first then it was discontinued.
-And, that is the reason on why morning mentioned first as it is indicating the revelation.
-When, it has stopped coming, it is revealing the night as the world became still.
The sequence of the events that occurred during the life of Prophet Muhammad SAW is captured in these two ayats.
Someone who is having sceptical mind might ask why on the day is being mentioned first unlike the other surah (Surah Layl ) whereby the night is being mentioned first.
-It is because, it is contrasted to fit in.
-And, it represents this concept better.
Part 9 -Tafseer Ad-Dhuhaa -Nouman Ali Khan
Ad-Dhuhaa : 3
مَا وَدَّعَكَ رَبُّكَ وَمَا قَلٰى
Your Lord has not taken leave of you, [O Muhammad], nor has He detested [you].
The Mushrikoon said to Prophet Muhammad SAW that your lord has abandoned,left you.
*Hence, Allah swt clarifies this in this ayat.*
Some of the mufasiroon commented that this hadith is not an authentic narration.
-They said that it is Prophet Muhammad SAW feelings even without Mushrikoon commenting about it.
مَا وَدَّعَكَ
Ma Wadaka
Difference between Al Widda& Al Tawdi:
-Both the words indicates goodbye, farewell in Arabic.
-At Tawdi is being used when you are saying goodbye permanently to someone.
-Al Widda is being when you are saying goodbye temporarily.
For example: Saying goodbye to your colleague in your work.
وَدَّعَكَ
-Allah swt uses Al Widda (with shadda)
-Hence, Allah is saying that he did not permanently bid farewell.
There is different ways of saying this:
1) He didn't bid farewell
-But, we don't see this.
-We can see that Ma is being used.
★It is important to take note of the usage of Ma
مَا َ
Ma is being used:
-Ma will be said to make something negative in past tense.
★For example, it is like saying " He didn't bid farewell to you AT ALL" instead of just saying "He didn't bid farewell to you.
Part 11 Ad-Dhuhaa : Nouman Ali Khan Tafseer
مَا وَدَّعَكَ رَبُّكَ وَمَا قَلٰى
Your Lord has not taken leave of you, [O Muhammad], nor has He detested [you].
مَا وَدَّعَكَ
(Ma Wadaka)
مَا
(Ma)
Ma illustrates that:
☆Allah swt is convincing Prophet Muhammad SAW that he didn't bid farewell to him AT ALL.
☆It is used for the skeptical audience, Prophet Muhammad's unsure state of the heart who is not sure if Allah is happy with him or not.
☆Allah swt gives absolute guarantee that he was not displeased with him at all by just using the word 'ma'.
☆It is the expression of love from Allah to Prophet Muhammad SAW.
Bidding Farewell:
وَدَّعَكَ
( Wa da'aka)
-This is not used for enemies who are saying goodbye to each other.
-It is only used if two people love each other, like friends, family etc.
-It is emotional, full of honour, respect & honour.
-So, the word in it as full of love for Prophet Muhammad SAW.
-Allah swt could have used words such as "Your lord has not abandon you".
-However, it is like Allah saying "Forget about abandoning, I did not even lovingly say goodbye to you. I didn't left you at all"
Part 12 Ad Dhuha -Nouman Ali Khan Tafseer
Ad-Dhuhaa : 3
مَا وَدَّعَكَ رَبُّكَ وَمَا قَلٰى
Your Master has not taken leave of you, [O Muhammad], nor has He detested [you].
Allah did not say
"Your lord has not bid farewell to you at all"
Instead, Allah swt used the
َ رَبُّكَ
(Rabbuka)
-Master
"Your Master has not bid farewell to you at all"
(He is the one who gives you gifts, he takes control of your affair. Why would he say farewell to you?)
-The usage of rabuka , your master - it has love within the word itself.
-There are so many other names of Allah, but Allah chose this word to express his love to Prophet Muhammad SAW.
*********
(Recap)
َ وَدَّعَكَ
And, to bid farewell (wa da'aka) , there are so many other words that Allah could have used. However, even then Allah swt used the words perfectly to say that he did not bid you farewell at all.
********
وَمَا قَلٰى
Wa ma Kala
-He is not displeased at all.
قَلٰى
Kala
◇It is used ,when you are unhappy with someone. And, a result, you stop talking to them.
◇It is called a transitive verb. You don't just say "He is displeased". But, you will say "He is displeased with you".
◇For example: You don't only say " I ate." You are expected to finish the sentence by saying "I ate sandwich(or any other food)".
Part 13 - Ad -Dhuha| Tafseer|Nouman Ali Khan
Ad-Dhuhaa : 3
مَا وَدَّعَكَ رَبُّكَ وَمَا قَلٰى
Your Lord has not taken leave of you, [O Muhammad], nor has He detested [you].
The oaths that Allah swt mentioned in the beginning of the Surah was by morning & evening.
-Neither of them are permanent. Hence, it will be suitable to mention these oaths as the revelation ( which did not come for certain period to Prophet Muhammad SAW) is also not permanent.
وَمَا قَلٰى
(Wa ma Kala)
Transitive verb- Like , saying " I bid farewell to you" instead of just saying "I bid farewell". You are expected to complete the sentence.
مَا وَدَّعَكَ
Wadaka
-The ka at the end is referring to Prophet Muhammad SAW.
-"Your lord did not bid farewell to you at all"
However, when it comes to being displeased...
وَمَا قَلٰى
Wa ma Kala
-Allah did not say he is displeased with you.
-Only Kala is being used.
What could be the reason?
-Bidding farewell can happen to even loved ones.
-However, being displeased only happens to people who are odds with each other.
So, the word that could have maybe suggested Allah is displeased with Prophet Muhammad SAW in that context. Hence, Allah did not even put Prophet Muhammad's SAW name or even mentioned Prophet Muhammad SAW as 'you'.
Saying "Bye" is not a negative term. Hence, Allah swt mentioned Prophet Muhammad SAW. When, it comes to being displeased, Allah swt removed the name of the messenger, mentioning the name of the messenger.
Allah chose to just say "He is not displeased" instead of saying "He is not displeased with you".
This is one benefit.
Part 14 |Tafseer-of-Surah-93-Duha-by-Nouman-Ali-Khan
Ad-Dhuhaa : 3
مَا وَدَّعَكَ رَبُّكَ وَمَا قَلٰى
Your Lord has not taken leave of you, [O Muhammad], nor has He detested [you].
وَمَا قَلٰى
(Wa Ma Kala)
(He is not displeased)
★In Arabic, when something is expected but not mentioned, it could be due to honour. Or, it could be implying multiple meanings just at one time.
★By Allah saying that he is not displeased with you, Allah swt is implying that he is not only displeased with your(Prophet Muhammad SAW) followers.
-Allah swt is not displeased with anything to do with your(Prophet Muhammad SAW) mission.
-Allah swt is happy with everything.
This structure extends scope of what Allah is saying.
By Allah taking oaths in the beginning (soothing morning & night), we are learning that:
1) When, the revelation came, it was like a soothing morning.
2) When, the revelation stopped coming, it was like dead still night that is not moving. It was like a endless depression for Prophet Muhammad SAW.
But, Allah swt gave him hope,
Ad-Dhuhaa : 4
وَلَلْءَاخِرَةُ خَيْرٌ لَّكَ مِنَ الْأُولٰى
And the Hereafter is better for you than the first [life].
Part 15 | Tafseer-of-Surah-93-Duha-by-Nouman-Ali-Khan
Ad-Dhuhaa : 4
وَلَلْءَاخِرَةُ خَيْرٌ لَّكَ مِنَ الْأُولٰى
And the Hereafter is better for you than the first [life].
وَلَلْءَاخِرَةُ
Wa lalAkhira:
-Typically, in Arabic, people will just say Wal-Akhira
-Akhira means hereafter
-Wa means and
لَلْ
The extra 'Lam' emphasis that Akhira will be better...
How does the extra 'Lam' is used in Arabic?
1) To swear
-" I swear the next life will be better" or
2) To emphasise
"For sure, the next life will be better".
It is like you saying ,"The teacher is definitely sitting" instead of just saying "The teacher is sitting."
What does first sentence suggest compared to second sentence?
-The audience who are in first sentence are not sure about the information. So, you use the sentence "the teacher is DEFINITELY sitting."
If, someone comes to you and says " The teacher is definitely standing."
-Now, in order to prove your point , you have to say "I SWEAR that the teacher is DEFINITELY sitting."
Your languages changes in these scenarios as your audience do not believe in what you are saying.
Hence, the language that is being used in this ayah suggest the type of audience. The audience were not sure and they did not really believe in this message.
Part 16 | In-Depth-Analysis--Tafseer-of-Surah-93-Duha-by-Nouman-Ali-Khan
Ad-Dhuhaa : 4
وَلَلْءَاخِرَةُ خَيْرٌ لَّكَ مِنَ الْأُولٰى
And the Hereafter is better for you than the first [life].
It is being interpreted in 2 ways.
1) One group of Mufasiroon says that latter, is referring to Akhira, Hereafter. And, it is implying that Jannah is better for you than this dunya
2) Another group of Mufasiroon says it is Prophet Muhammad's SAW struggle is going to better for him than the earlier part. In other words, it is going to be easier for him as the hardest part is over, done.
*We will be thinking on how could it be that hardest part is done or over. This is a Mekkan Quran. And, none of the trials such as Hijrah, torture,ultimate humiliation, Badr, Uhud, Ahzab, trouble of Munafiqoon.etc have occurred. *
And, yet Allah says that latter part is better than the earlier one.*
What Allah swt may be referring is:
- We will be able to known from the strong lesson in the Seerah & struggle of Prophet Muhammad SAW.
-The toughest part is the earliest part of revelation for Prophet Muhammad SAW.
-It is the psychological effect.
-He is the only one who is calling to Islam and everybody is calling him crazy.
-And, when he speaks everybody ridicule.
-Whoever, believed in him are called crazy.
-As, time progress, more and more people believe and more people are supporting as a group.
Part 17| In-Depth-Analysis--Tafseer-of-Surah-93-Duha-by-Nouman-Ali-Khan
Ad-Dhuhaa : 4
وَلَلْءَاخِرَةُ خَيْرٌ لَّكَ مِنَ الْأُولٰى
And the Hereafter is better for you than the first [life].
It will be easier if more people are supporting the message. If it is only 1 or 2 people supporting the message, it will be difficult to even open your mouth and say something.
For example ,if you are having discussion with your opponents:
If, there are more people who are supporting the message, you will have courage to defend and spread it. However, if there is only few you, it will be difficult even for you to say anything.
Hence, Allah is suggesting that number of Muslims will be increasing and the Dawah will be easier. And, the ridicule will become less.
So, it is the internal struggle that will become easier . However, the external struggle will remain to be difficult. And, Allah swt will make the external struggle easy as well.
As, previously discussed, some of the Mufasiroon refers Akhira as the next life. While, some says it is referring to latter time.
How does Allah uses language in Quran so that we will appreciate both meanings:
If, Allah swt said ,
"Walal Akhira Khayra mina dunya"
ouwla- َ الْأُولٰى
Instead of Dunya, Allah swt has used "ouwla". Hence, by using the word "ouwla", (which means latter part) , it could be referring to either
1) Dunya or Akhira
2) Prophet Muhammad's SAW latter life.
So, both meanings are captured together in this word.
Part 18 In-Depth-Analysis--Tafseer-of-Surah-93-Duha-by-Nouman-Ali-Khan
Ad-Dhuhaa : 4
وَلَلْءَاخِرَةُ خَيْرٌ لَّكَ مِنَ الْأُولٰى
And the Hereafter is better for you than the first [life].
We know that Akhira,hereafter is better for Prophet Muhammad SAW.
And, we can see that Allah swt has especially emphasised laka. Allah swt did not even say for Mu'min instead of laka. Allah swt wants to emphasise Prophet Muhammad SAW by placing the word laka.
How can we understand this?
1) Prophet Muhammad SAW will get an akhira like no one will be getting. Like Al-Kauthar etc.
2) Prophet Muhammad SAW will be given Khair,goodness like no one else has been given for.
-People in this world have been given all kind of goodness.
-But, there will be a special goodness that will be given to Prophet Muhammad SAW.
-Victory Of Islam
-Conquest of house of Allah and it will be the source of worship for generations. And, Allah swt will give the honour to him for cleansing the house of Allah.
-Whenever, Adhan or Shahadah is being mentioned, Prophet Muhammad SAW name is being mentioned and his status is being elevated.
-Sadaqah Jariah. We are taught to always to do Sadaqah Jariah, such as teaching, zakaat , planting a tree etc. Now, whenever we or Sahabah is doing goodness for the sake of Allah, the messenger of Allah will be getting Sadaqah Jariah.
And, by placing the word ouwla, it is referring to both hereafter and the later part of Prophet Muhammad's life.
Laka
-This word does not need to placed in the sentence as even without the usage of Laka, the sentence will be complete.
-However, Allah swt wanted to use this word to emphasise, the mentioning of Prophet Muhammad SAW.
Part 19| In-Depth-Analysis--Tafseer-of-Surah-93-Duha-by-Nouman-Ali-Khan
Allah swt mentions that Prophet Muhammad SAW used to be an orphan & he was given a shelter. Prophet Muhammad SAW was in a search of guidance and Allah guided him.
**********
Ad-Dhuhaa : 6
أَلَمْ يَجِدْكَ يَتِيمًا فَـَٔاوٰى
Did He not find you an orphan and give [you] refuge?
Ad-Dhuhaa : 7
وَوَجَدَكَ ضَآلًّا فَهَدٰى
And He found you lost and guided [you],
Ad-Dhuhaa : 8
وَوَجَدَكَ عَآئِلًا فَأَغْنٰى
And He found you poor and made [you] self-sufficient.
********
Allah says that latter part is better than his current situation,past. And, Allah says you have experience on this.
The rest of the Surah, Allah is explaining on how did Allah made his latter part easier. It is almost like a tafseer to
Ad-Dhuhaa : 4
وَلَلْءَاخِرَةُ خَيْرٌ لَّكَ مِنَ الْأُولٰى
And the Hereafter is better for you than the first [life].
-----------------------
Ad-Dhuhaa : 5
وَلَسَوْفَ يُعْطِيكَ رَبُّكَ فَتَرْضٰىٓ
And your Lord is going to give you, and you will be satisfied.
La-sawfa:
-It has La which is emphasising just like lal-Akhira.
Why does Allah has to emphasise the future?
-When, the struggle is getting more and more difficult on Prophet Muhammad's SAW dawah, the more you will need to remind on why are you struggling.
-It is due to victory of Islam ,promise of Jannah.
-Allah swt gives consolation by using the word la.
In Arabic, to indicate the future , we can use 'sa' or 'sawfa'.
The difference between 'sa' & 'sawfa' is subtle:
-'Sawfa' is indicating something that is longer away than 'sa'.
Sawfa is used in this ayat:
-It is like Allah saying that he will give something but it is not too soon (as compared to using sa)
-So, it is like Allah saying you will get it but not too soon until then you have a mission to complete.
-And, then you can enjoy all these gifts.
Part 20 In-Depth-Analysis--Tafseer-of-Surah-93-Duha-by-Nouman-Ali-Khan
Ad-Dhuhaa
وَلَسَوْفَ يُعْطِيكَ رَبُّكَ فَتَرْضٰىٓ
And your Lord is going to give you, and you will be satisfied.
Sawfa:
*Illustrates that there is a time in the middle.* (to receive it.)
يُعْطِيكَ
Yutika:
-Allah will give you.
-When you say something like "I will give you" to a child.
How will your child respond?
-It will ask you back, "Give me, what?".
-And, Allah mentions that soon(little bit later) he will give you.
Removal of Object(Allah not mentioning on what he is going to gjve):
-Allah swt did not even mention on what he is going to give.
-The wisdom behind it is that Allah swt made giving infinite and did not any limits to it.
-It is like someone saying to you "I will take care of you". And, someone who is really rich , comes to you, says this, then you will be relieved and happy.
"Giving is appropriate for who is going to give"
-Allah swt did not even put a limit on what he is going to give.
يُعْطِيكَ
*This word also suggest that Allah is going to give alot.
*And, there is a type of giving that you can give and take it back. However, this word , giving is used for something that you give and do not take it back.
And, the word yutika is beautifully used here for Prophet Muhammad SAW.
Part 21 In-Depth-Analysis--Tafseer-of-Surah-93-Duha-by-Nouman-Ali-Khan
Ad-Dhuhaa : 5
وَلَسَوْفَ يُعْطِيكَ رَبُّكَ فَتَرْضٰىٓ
And your Lord is going to give you, and you will be satisfied.
Yu'tha
:يُعْطِيكَ
Root word- I-htha
2nd meaning of I-tha:
-After ,it is being given, you have the full authority to use it.
-This is the word Allah swt uses for messenger of Allah SAW that this will have no responsibility attached.
There is many discussions on Tafseer of what Allah swt will give...
★Most of the discussions revolve around Allah swt giving and Prophet Muhammad SAW asking for the intercession for this Ummah. Allah azawajal will accept his plea until Messenger of Allah says that "I am satisfied".
And, then you will be pleased...
Who will be pleased?
-It is the messenger of Allah SAW.
First of all, we should understand that Allah will accept the intercession until Prophet Muhammad SAW is satisfied.
★We should understand this correctly.
★Most of the Muslims have taken advantange of this intercession . Like,they will say "I will run the liquor store,as Messenger of Allah is merciful to the mankind. Hence, he will make a case for me and I will be alright".
★But, we understand from Quran that Messenger of Allah will make two kinds of requests
1) On the one hand, the messenger of Allah will make intercession and we find this in many hadith.
2) On the other hand, the messenger of Allah is making a case complaining to Allah against a group of people.
-Now, you should be thinking about this with a sound heart.
-Allah swt will satisfy the plea of Prophet Muhammad SAW. And, nobody will come against it.
-The Messenger of Allah will say "O master, this nation of mine had abandoned the Quran, no doubt."
-This could be referring to the Kuffar , Quraish who has rejected Quran.However, Prophet Muhammad SAW could have said the Kuffar , Disbelievers have rejected the Quran.
★But, Prophet Muhammad SAW has indicated my nation, Qawmi. Initially, it was only Quraysh and now we are also part of his Qawmi, his nation.
And, if we abandon the guidance and teachings of Quran, then we might( the danger exist) that we could be in the 2nd group.
Part 22 In-Depth-Analysis--Tafseer-of-Surah-93-Duha-by-Nouman-Ali-Khan
Ad-Dhuhaa : 5
وَلَسَوْفَ يُعْطِيكَ رَبُّكَ فَتَرْضٰىٓ
And your Lord is going to give you, and you will be satisfied.
فَتَرْضٰىٓ
Fathardha:
Root word -Ridha
-To be satisfied
-And, it is used normally in Jannah.
Eg: RadhiAllahu Anhum Waradhu Anhum, Ishatin Radiyah etc.
-Ridha is being used normally in the context of Jannah.
-Allah swt is saying that he will give his messenger so much that he will be totally content.
-However, Allah swt did not specify the object( on which he will be pleased).
Messenger of Allah is
-Pleased with who?
Messenger of Allah is pleased with Allah.
Pleased with what?
-No matter on whether Allah is pleased with Ummah or not, Messenger of Allah is always pleased with Allah.
However, Allah swt did not specify that Messenger of Allah will be pleased with his Lord. Instead, Allah just said that he will be pleased.
It indicates that,
-Messenger of Allah will also be pleased with what his lord has done.
Part 23 In-Depth-Analysis--Tafseer-of-Surah-93-Duha-by-Nouman-Ali-Khan
Messenger of Allah will be pleased with what Allah swt has done to him. He will be pleased with
-Forgiveness
-Intercession of the Ummah
-And, all other gifts that Allah swt has given to Prophet Muhammad SAW.
Ayah 6:
أَلَمْ يَجِدْكَ يَتِيمًا فَـَٔاوٰى
Alam Yadjidka Yatiman
"Didn't he find you as an orphan?"
It could also be said as,
Wawajadka Yatim
"He found you as an orphan."
★Instead, Allah made it a rhetorical question by placing at as "Didn't he find you as an orphan?."
-This kind of structure is being used even now.
-Like, when we say to some people "Didn't I take care of you last time?."
-So, it's like you are consoling the other party & to show your reliability.
-Prophet Muhammad SAW was given the responsibility to spread the message to the Ummah. Hence, Allah swt consoled Prophet Muhammad SAW by referring to the past. Allah swt mentioned few gifts that he gave so that Prophet Muhammad will be consoled.
In first part of this Surah, Allah swt consoled Prophet Muhammad SAW about the future:
-By saying , "Allah is not displeased with you", "he will not abandon you."
In Second part, Allah talks about past in order to console him, again.
Part 24: In-Depth-Analysis--Tafseer-of-Surah-93-Duha-by-Nouman-Ali-Khan
Ad-Dhuhaa : 6
أَلَمْ يَجِدْكَ يَتِيمًا فَـَٔاوٰى
Did He not find you an orphan and give [you] refuge?
فَـَٔاوٰى
Iwa
-To take refuge from danger.
-To make someone as your guest as they do not have any place to stay.
-Allah swt gave Prophet Muhammad SAW the shelter by his uncle, Abu Talib. However, Allah did not say that "I gave shelter to you by Abu Talib ...". Instead, Allah swt gave the credit to himself.
What can we learn from this?
-There will be many people who can help us.
-However, all of it are just means & the real source is coming from Allah swt.
َ يَتِيمًا
Yateem
Why is it being mentioned so many times in just this Surah?
If, we think about Yateem, an orphan..
The most painful moment for a child is to lose his/her parents & not having them anymore. Nobody cares about you except your parents. Even , if someone adopts you, or your close relatives, no one will substitute your parents. The way that your parents love, forgive & overlook your shortcomings, nobody will be able to do that. After, your parents, if that shelter is gone, then you are the most oppressed individual in this society & you will no one to cry about it. If, your own child complains or cries, you will take care of them. However, if we passed away( May Allah protect us), who will take care of our own children. It is not just a loss of love & shelter, it is also the loss of human needs (like hugging them, putting them to sleep) .
Hence, Allah reminds Prophet Muhammad SAW that he was in a dark state and Allah puts him out from the situation.
Part 25 In-Depth-Analysis--Tafseer-of-Surah-93-Duha-by-Nouman-Ali-Khan
Ad-Dhuhaa : 7
وَوَجَدَكَ ضَآلًّا فَهَدٰى
-This is a very important ayah.
ضَآلًّا
Dhal:
-Means misled or lost.
The raw translation is
"And,He found you lost and guided you."
We say to people who are drunkards , non -Muslims etc as people who are lost.
Al-Faatiha : 7
صِرٰطَ الَّذِينَ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ غَيْرِ الْمَغْضُوبِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا الضَّآلِّينَ
The path of those upon whom You have bestowed favor, not of those who have evoked [Your] anger or of those who are astray.
The word 'Dhal' is also used in Al-Fatiha so that we will not be in the group of people who do shirk.
Allah swt used the same word 'Dhal' in this ayat as well.
Musa AS used the same word 'Dhal' when he is replying after killing a man accidentally.
"I did it, but I am on those who are lost(Dhal)."
The explanation of this word comes from the Quran itself.
Allah says
"Before, this revelation came, you were unaware".
This implies that...
-The real truth only comes from Allah, and you were totally unaware of.
So, what could be state that can be used before revelation ?
-Lost.
Prophet Muhammad SAW was only in a lost state. He did not do shirk, evil acts and he was in fitrah.
-All the Prophets & Messengers have not done any shirk/evil acts even before the revelation came to them.
The highest wisdom will be answering for all these questions "What do we owe from God?" , "How can we worship him?" Etc.
-If, we do not have answers for this, we are lost.
-Even, the most descent person will be lost in that state if he doesn't not have answers for all these questions.
-And, the more appropriate word that could be used is "seeking"
Part 26 In-Depth-Analysis--Tafseer-of-Surah-93-Duha-by-Nouman-Ali-Khan
Ad-Dhuhaa : 7
وَوَجَدَكَ ضَآلًّا فَهَدٰى
And He found you lost and guided [you],
When someone is lost, what will they do?
-They would be seeking
So, the implication is that, he found you searching for the truth....
The Messenger of Allah SAW is raised in a society where people do shirk and he is not able to fit in. He is not able to stand shirk. He doesn't go to the useless gatherings. The people of the book have corrupted their books and even that did not satisfy him. So, he is disturbed to find where is the truth. He is seeking desperately for the truth. And,during this time that he used to go to the cave, reflect alone and leave the society(even before the revelation came to him). It is because he was very dissatisfied of what is happening around him. There is nothing in the society that was satisfying his quench for the truth. He would reflect for a long period of time but a human mind is not able to find the truth alone.
And, Allah swt describes the state of Messenger of Allah SAW as someone who is searching for truth and Allah swt gave Fahada(guidance).
★This is the essential difference between a philosopher and a Prophet.
The philosophers found the truth from their own thoughts,reflections. While, the messenger found that he is not able to find the truth by himself, Allah swt guided him with truth. The wisdom of Prophet Muhammad SAW is not only his own but it is given by Allah swt.
"Whoever has been given the wisdom,it is given by Allah."
-Allah swt gives wisdom. For Luqman(as), Quran does not state Al-Hakim instead it states "We gave wisdom to Luqman". Allah is saying he gave the wisdom to Luqman AS.
Part 27 In-Depth-Analysis--Tafseer-of-Surah-93-Duha-by-Nouman-Ali-Khan
The western mind when they are talking about Prophets especially for Islam, they would say "O Muhammad says...". The do not say , Salalahu Alayhi Wassalam , instead they are assuming that he is a philosopher, and he is coming up with his own ideas. While, we say Allah guided him , he doesn't speak on his behalf.
Allah swt explains on his own book,
"You had no idea on what the complete book or complete eeman. Allah gave you the guidance" (not exact translation)
Similarly , Musa AS accepted what he has done and he said he was lost.
It is not the same kind of lost (Maghdhub) as mentioned in Al-Fatiha.
Al-Faatiha : 7
صِرٰطَ الَّذِينَ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ غَيْرِ الْمَغْضُوبِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا الضَّآلِّينَ
The path of those upon whom You have bestowed favor, not of those who have evoked [Your] anger or of those who are astray.
**This is the kind of lost which is seeking for the truth.**
Ad-Dhuhaa : 8
وَوَجَدَكَ عَآئِلًا فَأَغْنٰى
َ عَآئِلًاْ
A'illa
-It is commonly translated as poor or financially desperate.
-However, Quran does uses other words such as Faaqir , Miskeen etc to indicate poverty.
-However, A'illan is being used here instead of all the words.
-A'illan means someone who is under alot pressure & they are crushed by that pressure.
-For , a Family, Ayal is being used as a term in Arabic. If, you have the financial responsibility of your family ,it is like a burden placed on you.
-A'il is someone who is under alot of pressure or burden and you have to alleviate their burden.
And, Allah says ,
"We found you crushed under alot weight, & in a desperate need. And, we freed you from this..."
Allah swt did not specify on how he made him Ghaniy. We have learnt in Tafseer of this Surah....
Part 28 In-Depth-Analysis--Tafseer-of-Surah-93-Duha-by-Nouman-Ali-Khan
Ad-Dhuhaa : 8
وَوَجَدَكَ عَآئِلًا فَأَغْنٰى
And He found you poor and made [you] self-sufficient.
We have learnt in Tafseer of this Surah that Allah swt made Prophet Muhammad to marry Khadijah (RA) who is financially free. And, hence Prophet Muhammad SAW was able to concentrate on his worship. Khadijah RA played a strategic role on this mission. However, in the end, the credit doesn't goes to Khadijah RA even though she has been rewarded for this. The credit goes to Allah swt, Allah says he made him free of need.
Al-Lail : 11
وَمَا يُغْنِى عَنْهُ مَالُهُۥٓ إِذَا تَرَدّٰىٓ
And what will his wealth avail him when he falls?
-Allah reminds that wealth doesn't make oneself free of own need in the previous Surah.
-And, in this Surah, Allah says that he made Prophet Muhammad, free of need
-And, this comparison is being drawn.
Ad-Dhuhaa : 9
فَأَمَّا الْيَتِيمَ فَلَا تَقْهَرْ
So as for the orphan, do not oppress [him].
Allah swt reminds Prophet Muhammad SAW of the favours that he has done:
Didn't he find you as a
-Orphan
-Seeking
-not Self-sufficient
Allah swt now, mentions 3 demands...
Part 29 In-Depth-Analysis--Tafseer-of-Surah-93-Duha-by-Nouman-Ali-Khan
Ad-Dhuhaa : 9
فَأَمَّا الْيَتِيمَ فَلَا تَقْهَرْ
So as for the orphan, do not oppress [him].
When, it comes especially to orphans, do not overpower him. And, do not be dominative over him.
تَقْهَرْ
Taqhar:
-Not only that you are controlling the person, but you are humiliating them too.
Why Allah swt mentions it here?
-Prophet Muhammad SAW will never be doing this.
-However , it is for us.
-Allah swt is teaching Prophet Muhammad SAW a lesson so that we can take a heed.
-And, Allah swt reminds Prophet Muhammad SAW that he was used to be an orphan and thus, he should take care of them now.
Ad-Dhuhaa : 10
وَأَمَّا السَّآئِلَ فَلَا تَنْهَرْ
And as for the petitioner, do not repel [him].
السَّآئِلَ
Sa'il
When, it comes to the asking...
People can be asking 2 things from Prophet Muhammad SAW:
1) Knowledge or Guidance
2) Food, shelter
َ فَلَا تَنْهَرْ
Fala Tanhar
-Commonly translated as don't scold him.
-But, there is other Arabic word for scolding.
Nahr means river where water is gushing. And, when you are yelling at somebody and scolding them, they will feel like that they are standing on the river and the water is gushing to them. They will feel like that they are having the wrath of gushing water. This is how it feels when someone is being insulted & humiliated. Allah swt is telling us not to humiliate those who come for asking their needs.
We are learning to how to deal with people who come & ask. This is especially for people who are involved in Dawah & Islamic circle. Sometime, people may ask absurd or weird questions. And, even if you answer them for so long , they will not be satisfied. Some of them might be asking questions to make you fall on their trap or to make you angry. Even, if that is the case, leave them in a dignified way . Do not take revenge on them by humiliating them.
This is the advice given to Prophet Muhammad SAW and how much it is applicable for us now...
Part 30 In-Depth-Analysis--Tafseer-of-Surah-93-Duha-by-Nouman-Ali-Khan
The last thing is,
Ad-Dhuhaa : 11
وَأَمَّا بِنِعْمَةِ رَبِّكَ فَحَدِّثْ
But as for the favor of your Lord, report [it].
When, it comes to Ni'maa...
Ni'maa
-means softness, ease,relaxation, comfort
...Then, mention it.
Allah did not say which Ni'maa. Ni'm means all the favours. But, Allah just says Ni'maa(singular).
If, you study the surah carefully, we will be able to figure out which ni'maa is that.
Some of the Mufasiroon has commented that it is the wisdom given to Prophet Muhammad SAW. Others, have said that it is the Prophethood and its teachings. While, others, have said that all the good that a person has been given by Allah swt.
Look at how the Surah is being connected, Allah has said that
-He is not displeased with him.
-The laterpart will be better for him than the current part of his life.
-Soon , Prophet Muhammad SAW will be pleased
-Didn't he find you orphan and gave shelter.
-He find you seeking and he guided you.
-He made you self-sufficient.
Subhan'Allah, isn't all of these favours from Allah? There are so many favours that Allah did and then he commanded Prophet Muhammad SAW to mention it.
The amazing part is that Allah did not say Fadith'hu or Fadith'ha...
(Conclusion) Part 31 In-Depth-Analysis--Tafseer-of-Surah-93-Duha-by-Nouman-Ali-Khan
Ad-Dhuhaa : 11
وَأَمَّا بِنِعْمَةِ رَبِّكَ فَحَدِّثْ
But as for the favor of your Lord, report [it].
The amazing part is that Allah did not say Fahadith'hu or Fahadith'ha. Allah did not say "mention it", he just said "mention"
-So, this imply that you should not only mention the favors of Allah. But, you have to keep mentioning about the deen due to the favors that he has given you.
-Don't worry about anything but just keep mentioning.
-Hadith-Imply to by speak up the teachings of Allah and his favors.
Ad-Dhuhaa : 7
وَوَجَدَكَ ضَآلًّا فَهَدٰى
He found you seeking , then he guided.
We don't see Fahadhaka - "guided you"
By just not mentioning "ka", there is a number of favours:
-He guided others by the means of you. The irony is that you are seeking and Allah swt gave you so much guidance that you become a source of guidance. All of this is being capture when Allah has left the "ka".
Similarly, Allah says,
Ad-Dhuhaa : 8
وَوَجَدَكَ عَآئِلًا فَأَغْنٰى
And He found you poor and made [you] self-sufficient.
-Allah did not say Faghnaka . Instead, Allah said for your sake , he made you self-sufficient. And, then, he benefited others from you.
-He gave shelters to others by the means of you. He gave people a shelter to those who were stuck in a storm of shirk .
Finally,
Ad-Dhuhaa : 11
وَأَمَّا بِنِعْمَةِ رَبِّكَ فَحَدِّثْ
But as for the favor of your Lord, report [it].
-You will be pleased. You will not only be pleased with Allah. But, you will be pleased with Sahabah. It is like how a farmer plants trees. He will be so happy by the results. Prophet Muhammad SAW will be so happy by his companions.
-Another part of the gift that Allah swt gave to Prophet Muhammad SAW that he used to boast about it to his companions.( It is his brothers/sisters that will come later and they will believe in Allah & Prophet Muhammad SAW) . And, we can become part of the gift.
-That is the opening that Allah swt gave us. Not only, Allah swt will be happy with us, but we can become a source of pride, joy for Prophet Muhammad SAW. May Allah swt bless us with that honor.
