Surah Al- Qiyamah

Notes are written from - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HQEj21-lYwM&spfreload=10

Thematic Tafseer:
-The surah begins about Qiyamah and ends about Qiyamah.
-Allah swt is giving us images on how a believer/disbeliever will leave the world and what will happen to them in Yawmul Qiyamah.

Scenario:
-When the revelation came, the Quraish were mocking about the Yawmul Qiyamah and this is similar to how people mocking now and making it as a entertainment subject.

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Al-Qiyaama : 1

لَآ أُقْسِمُ بِيَوْمِ الْقِيٰمَةِ

I swear by the Day of Resurrection

Al-Qiyaama : 2

وَلَآ أُقْسِمُ بِالنَّفْسِ اللَّوَّامَةِ

And I swear by the reproaching soul [to the certainty of resurrection].

Allah swt took 2 oaths :
1)Yawmul Qiyamah
2) the soul( the soul which is feeling guilty)

Why does Allah swt takes oaths?
-He swt doesn't not need to do this to prove that he is speaking truth as we all know that he swt always speaks the truth. However ,this is to FURTHER EMPHASIS the truth.
-Hence, oaths taken by Allah and human beings are different.

How does Yawmul Qiyamah related to the soul?
-All of us will be feeling guilty on that day. The believers will be feeling guilty for not doing more good deeds. While, the disbelievers will be feeling guilty for not worshipping Allah swt.

-Every human beings feels the guilt. Whenever, you do wrong and there is no one watching you, you will still feel guilt. This is your mind reminding you that you are in a trouble for what you have done . And, it is reminding you that you need to face it now or in the akhira.

-Some scholars say that human beings can suppress their guilt, however , we human beings do feel this guilt at some point of time. This can be said as the natural disposition of human beings. And, this is what Allah swt swear upon on.

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Al-Qiyaama : 3

أَيَحْسَبُ الْإِنسٰنُ أَلَّن نَّجْمَعَ عِظَامَهُۥ

Does man think that We will not assemble his bones?

Al-Qiyaama : 4

بَلٰى قٰدِرِينَ عَلٰىٓ أَن نُّسَوِّىَ بَنَانَهُۥ

Yes. [We are] Able [even] to proportion his fingertips.

Explanation:
Its like Allah saying,
"You Quraish, assume that we will not assemble your bone.
We are capable to even to assemble your fingertips which is more intricate. "

Even in our daily life, we can see that our fingers will beautifully heal by itself if there is wound etc.

Will be continued in Part 2, In Shaa Allah

Surah Qiyamah ,Part 2

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Al-Qiyaama : 5

بَلْ يُرِيدُ الْإِنسٰنُ لِيَفْجُرَ أَمَامَهُۥ

But man desires to continue in sin.

The real reason for a disbeliever to behave this way-it is not because he does not believe in God. Rather, he is acting to his desires. Humans want to live according to their desires and they do not want to be accountable for their deeds and they do want to stick with guidelines . And, this is what Allah swt is telling us about the disbelievers.

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Al-Qiyaama : 6

يَسْـَٔلُ أَيَّانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيٰمَةِ

He asks, "When is the Day of Resurrection?"

Ayna in Arabic is like mockingly asking a question on when is the day of Resurrection. This is how exactly you encounter a person will ask you if he/she does not believe about Yawmul Qiyamah.

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Al-Qiyaama : 7

فَإِذَا بَرِقَ الْبَصَرُ

So when vision is dazzled

Barika
Eyes will be dazzled

Barika comes from the root work Barik
-Barik means lightning bolt
-Allah swt is saying that it would be like the unseen covered from them , they will be in shock & terror just like how they see the lighting bolt.
-The shock & terror which they are feeling can be seen from their eyes.

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Al-Qiyaama : 8

وَخَسَفَ الْقَمَرُ

And the moon darkens

-The moon will be eclipsed or
-The brightness will be taken away from Allah.

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Al-Qiyaama : 9

وَجُمِعَ الشَّمْسُ وَالْقَمَرُ

And the sun and the moon are joined,

Interpretations:
-The sun & moon will be folded
-They will be smashed together

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Al-Qiyaama : 10

يَقُولُ الْإِنسٰنُ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَيْنَ الْمَفَرُّ

Man will say on that Day, "Where is the [place of] escape?"

-They will cry out when they witness all of these.

Mafr:
-comes from the root word firar which means to run/flee.
-it is a place where they can escape to.

Why they want to escape now?
Ibn Kathir has explained that the reason is that they can now see the Jahannam surrounding them so they want to escape.

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Al-Qiyaama : 11

كَلَّا لَا وَزَرَ

No! There is no refuge.

Interpretations:
Wazar
1) There is no refuge for them -it was directly said to them
2) Wazar means something like fort /place of a salvation

Another interpretation of Wazar
Kaafir , he himself will say to himself in a angry tone that there is no escape for him. This is the regret & guilt that he would be feeling.

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Al-Qiyaama : 12

إِلٰى رَبِّكَ يَوْمَئِذٍ الْمُسْتَقَرُّ

To your Lord, that Day, is the [place of] permanence.

-The only stopping place for you is the moustakar(the place where you meet Allah(swt).

Will be continued in Part 3, In Shaa Allah

Surah Qiyamah ,Part 3

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Al-Qiyaama : 13

يُنَبَّؤُا الْإِنسٰنُ يَوْمَئِذٍۭ بِمَا قَدَّمَ وَأَخَّرَ

Man will be informed that Day of what he sent ahead and kept back.

Why are you going there?
-For 'Inba' to be done

What is 'Inba'?
-Detailed explanation of what you have done.

What is 'Kaudama'
-All the deeds that are done which can be either good/bad

What is 'waghar'?
-The legacy that you left behind/what have you impacted on people. -For example, if you have been businessman who deals with riba then you have left something for others that is haram.
-And, this is the contrast to the believers who will leave something useful for the ummah like pious children etc.

Another interpretation of 'kaudama waghar':
-It is the prioritisation. For example, when you ask someone for their priorities, they may say learning Arabic, going hajj etc. However, they might not do it.

Why?
-It is because they procastinate. For example , some people will say "I will learn Quran /go to hajj when I am pure". However, this will not happen and you have just put off Allah and Prophet Muhammad SAW for doing something that is not beneficial for Akhira. And, this is the reality.

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Al-Qiyaama : 14

بَلِ الْإِنسٰنُ عَلٰى نَفْسِهِۦ بَصِيرَةٌ

Rather, man, against himself, will be a witness,

-You do not need anyone to tell about yourself, you are witness of yourself. No one knows more about you other than you.
- And, Allah swt knows more about you than you-Make use of this. Cry out, converse to Allah swt to forgive your sins or to make yourself as a better human being . The reason is that only Allah swt knows about you and only he swt can rectify it.

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Al-Qiyaama : 15

وَلَوْ أَلْقٰى مَعَاذِيرَهُۥ

Even if he presents his excuses.

-The reality when you ask anyone who is doing sins, on why are they doing this? . They will just throw excuses to you.

In Psychology, "rationalisation" is the term used for throwing excuses. It is also said people rationalise to justify on what they have done wrong as correct.
However, the reality is that you know that you have done something wrong.

-Allah swt is saying that your excuses will be of no use.

The best example is Adam(AS) who is our father , the Prophet. We are not infallible, we do make sins. However, Adam(AS) did not make excuses when he made sins , he accepted it and cried out to Allah swt. While , Iblees did the exact opposite. We should learn a lesson from Adam(AS)

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Al-Qiyaama : 16

لَا تُحَرِّكْ بِهِۦ لِسَانَكَ لِتَعْجَلَ بِهِۦٓ

Move not your tongue with it, [O Muhammad], to hasten with recitation of the Qur'an.

-Allah swt is saying don't hasten it . For what? Prophet Muhammad SAW did this speedingly to memorize it, Subhan'Allah . However, Allah swt is saying don't do this.

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What is the connection between this and what is discussed previously in this Surah?

Al-Qiyaama : 14

بَلِ الْإِنسٰنُ عَلٰى نَفْسِهِۦ بَصِيرَةٌ

Rather, man, against himself, will be a witness,

Man,will witness himself for being hasty to do sins

However, Prophet Muhammad SAW is in a haste to do good deeds. Sometime, he SAW will be too hasty-Allahu Akhbar.

Allah swt is saying that Prophet SAW do no need to do this and he swt explains further.

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Al-Qiyaama : 17

إِنَّ عَلَيْنَا جَمْعَهُۥ وَقُرْءَانَهُۥ

Indeed, upon Us is its collection [in your heart] and [to make possible] its recitation.



Al-Qiyaama : 18

فَإِذَا قَرَأْنٰهُ فَاتَّبِعْ قُرْءَانَهُۥ

So when We have recited it [through Gabriel], then follow its recitation.

Al-Qiyaama : 19

ثُمَّ إِنَّ عَلَيْنَا بَيَانَهُۥ

Then upon Us is its clarification [to you].

Allah swt is comforting Prophet Muhammad SAW that just listen and it will be clarified to him(saw)

Just imagine , 2/3rd of Quran revealed during Makkah time. And , some others are revealed at different point of time, not all revealed together at same time.
And, Prophet Muhammad SAW has the duty to remember the surah, and the order.

Allah swt is comforting him that he swt will make things easier for him in order to PRESERVE and EXPLAIN the text.

We, Muslims are comforted by this verses. Why?
-Our text is not only preserved , it is also explained (Tafseer) by Prophet Muhammad SAW to the companions.
-And, no other religion can make the same claims that both their text & meaning has been preserved.

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To be continued in Part 4, In Shaa Allah.
Surah Qiyamah Part 4

2nd Part of Surah Qiyamah

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Al-Qiyaama : 20

كَلَّا بَلْ تُحِبُّونَ الْعَاجِلَةَ

No! But you love the immediate

-Allah swt is saying that it is not that you(disbelievers) do not believe the akhira in terms of intellectual . It is just that you LOVE the immediate.

-Important lesson for people who are making dawah etc. *Learn that some people are disbelievers ,it is because they cling to their desires and it is not because it doesn't make sense to them intellectually, Allah swt rationalise our existence in the Quran by describing the miracle of our existence, where we were formed from almost nothing.

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Al-Qiyaama : 21

وَتَذَرُونَ الْءَاخِرَةَ

And leave the Hereafter.

-And, you left everything that is for akhira because you followed your desires.

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Al-Qiyaama : 22

وُجُوهٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ نَّاضِرَةٌ

[Some] faces, that Day, will be radiant,

Al-Qiyaama : 23

إِلٰى رَبِّهَا نَاظِرَةٌ

Looking at their Lord.

-In Shaa Allah, you will now experience this in akhira

Nathira comes from the word nathir.

What does 'Nathir' means?
-It means purity.
-Something that glows like a pure gold

Allah is saying on that day their faces will be glowing just like the gold.

Why are their faces glowing?
-Allahu Akhbar, it is because they are looking at their lord. -Not only they are looking at their lord, but they are also STARING at their lord.This the greatest reward that can be given to anyone. And, it is conformed by Prophet Muhammad SAW that we can see our lord like how we can see the full moon. This means that we will not have any difficulty to see our Lord and we do not need to compete with one another to see our Lord.
-They will be very elated till their faces will be beaming.

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On the contrary,


Al-Qiyaama : 24

وَوُجُوهٌ يَوْمَئِذٍۭ بَاسِرَةٌ

And [some] faces, that Day, will be contorted,

In reality, we can see the people who went to prison, their faces will be darkened , due to the torture or punishment that they have experienced. The torture that they have experienced will be reflected on their faces. This is exactly how Allah swt is describing the disbelievers will be.

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Al-Qiyaama : 25

تَظُنُّ أَن يُفْعَلَ بِهَا فَاقِرَةٌ

Expecting that there will be done to them [something] backbreaking.

Tadunu:
-It is commonly translated as thinking. However, the correct meaning is that they are expecting with certainty.

Faqirah:
Faqir means is the backbone.
-They are certain that a Calamity will fall on them till it will break their backbone.
-This is how Allah swt describes the state of the disbelievers.

Look at how Allah swt describes the death which no one can escape from.

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Al-Qiyaama : 26

كَلَّآ إِذَا بَلَغَتِ التَّرَاقِىَ

No! When the soul has reached the collar bones

What is 'Taraqee'?

-It is something between our throats. When it reaches that point,you will hear something.

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What will you hear?

Al-Qiyaama : 27

وَقِيلَ مَنْ ۜ رَاقٍ

And it is said, "Who will cure [him]?"

-Allah did not say that he will say it. It will be said to them.

What is 'Raaq'?
-Raaq comes from the word Ruqayya.
-The one who comes to give shifa.

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Al-Qiyaama : 28

وَظَنَّ أَنَّهُ الْفِرَاقُ

And the dying one is certain that it is the [time of] separation

But he knows that firawq is coming to him.

What is 'firawq'?
-It is something that is being seperated

What is being 'seperated'?
-it is the body & soul being seperated.
-And, he knows that there is no point calling the 'Raaq' as he knows that this going to happen and this is what he did not want to experience

To be continued in Part 5, In Shaa Allah.

Surah Qiyamah Part 5,

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Al-Qiyaama : 29

وَالْتَفَّتِ السَّاقُ بِالسَّاقِ

And the leg is wound about the leg,

Taffati Saqu Bi Saqu:
-It is a phrase used by the Arabs for camels. When the camel dehydrates , it will bend it's legs and will start to walk slowly.
-It is the last moment of dehydration, the camel legs will be twisted and it will fall down.
-Exact things will happen to humans when they are facing death, the human legs will be twisted due to the pain

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Al-Qiyaama : 30

إِلٰى رَبِّكَ يَوْمَئِذٍ الْمَسَاقُ

To your Lord, that Day, will be the procession.

-You will be forced to leave even though you do not want to.

What is 'masak'?
-You will be driven by the angels.

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Al-Qiyaama : 31

فَلَا صَدَّقَ وَلَا صَلّٰى

And the disbeliever had not believed, nor had he prayed.

-You have never believed in Allah and his Messenger if you have never prayed.
-Belief is connected with Salah.
-Messenger has said 'Salah' is the only thing that seperate us from them. Seperate us from kuffar and eeman.
-For whoever, neglects it, for sure he has not believed it.
-Prayers is very profound in our religion.

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Al-Qiyaama : 32

وَلٰكِن كَذَّبَ وَتَوَلّٰى

But [instead], he denied and turned away.

Instead of believing and praying, he disbelieved and turned away.

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Al-Qiyaama : 33

ثُمَّ ذَهَبَ إِلٰىٓ أَهْلِهِۦ يَتَمَطّٰىٓ

And then he went to his people, swaggering [in pride].

Imagine this man, he doesn't want to believe and pray to Allah due to his ARROGANCE.

Arrogance on like "why I should believe in God/follow the rules?"

Allah says he will go to his family and walk with arrogance. And, what is in his heart is will be reflected even in the way he walks.

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Al-Qiyaama : 34

أَوْلٰى لَكَ فَأَوْلٰى

Woe to you, and woe!

Al-Qiyaama : 35

ثُمَّ أَوْلٰى لَكَ فَأَوْلٰىٓ

Then woe to you, and woe!

-Allah swt is cursing you ×××××××x4.

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Al-Qiyaama : 36

أَيَحْسَبُ الْإِنسٰنُ أَن يُتْرَكَ سُدًى

Does man think that he will be left neglected?

What is 'suda'?
-It means a camel that is left for it to wander about.
-Allah saying that did we leave you for just a 'play'?

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Al-Qiyaama : 37

أَلَمْ يَكُ نُطْفَةً مِّن مَّنِىٍّ يُمْنٰى

Had he not been a sperm from semen emitted?

Allah is saying that do not we make you from 'nutfaa'?

What is 'nutfaa'?
-It is a reproducting fluid , something that no one wants to touch it.
-Allah is saying how unsophisticatedly humans have been formed and about our origin.
-It is put our arrogance behind.

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Al-Qiyaama : 38

ثُمَّ كَانَ عَلَقَةً فَخَلَقَ فَسَوّٰى

Then he was a clinging clot, and [Allah] created [his form] and proportioned [him]

-Allah is saying we are the one who nurtured you when you are in your mother's womb.

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Al-Qiyaama : 39

فَجَعَلَ مِنْهُ الزَّوْجَيْنِ الذَّكَرَ وَالْأُنثٰىٓ

And made of him two mates, the male and the female.

-Allah swt is saying we are the one who fashioned you and you are show arrogance to me.

Allah swt is saying he is the one who made us in pairs.
-This is also another blessing from Allah swt.
-All the human beings long for companionship and to have a partner. They either get it in haram or halal way. However, the desire is present and it is, Allah is the one who has created it. This is the human nature.
-Some scholars point out that if we do not have feelings, we will think this is disgusting. However, Allah swt is the one who made this possible for us so that we can survive (human race).

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Al-Qiyaama : 40

أَلَيْسَ ذٰلِكَ بِقٰدِرٍ عَلٰىٓ أَن يُحْۦِىَ الْمَوْتٰى

Is not that [Creator] Able to give life to the dead?

What is 'Kaadir'
-The power and ability.

Allah is saying I have all the 'Kaadir' to resurrect from dead to alive. And, Allah swt is questioning us if I have 'Kaadir' to do all this, do you think that I don't have 'Kaadir' to bring you back to alive from dead.

Ibn Abbas said Prophet Muhammad SAW will end this surah by saying
Subanaka b'ala. -Glory to you Allah fot surety that you can do all of these.

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